Jonah: Jonah’s Prayer (2:1-10)
Introduction
What we are going to study tonight may be the theologically richest part of the book of Jonah. The amazing context of this poetic prayer is Jonahโs gratitude while inside the fish. He fully expected to die in the water. His thanksgiving within the belly of a fish is a proclamation of joy, with the realization that God has delivered him in spite of his running. Though he is not yet on dry land, his faith reaches a new dimension of understanding. He seems to have no doubt that, as he was delivered from drowning, he will also eventually be delivered safely to the shore. In chapter 2 of Jonah we are able to understand Jonahโs point of view, as he speaks in the first person. It also offers a window into the nature and circumstances of true gratitude.
The Text
Then Jonah prayed to the LORD his God from the belly of the fish, 2 saying,
โI called out to the LORD, out of my distress,
and he answered me;
out of the belly of Sheol I cried,
and you heard my voice.
3 For you cast me into the deep,
into the heart of the seas,
and the flood surrounded me;
all your waves and your billows
passed over me.
4 Then I said, โI am driven away
from your sight;
yet I shall again look
upon your holy temple.โ
5 The waters closed in over me to take my life;
the deep surrounded me;
weeds were wrapped about my head
6 at the roots of the mountains.
I went down to the land
whose bars closed upon me forever;
yet you brought up my life from the pit,
O LORD my God.
7 When my life was fainting away,
I remembered the LORD,
and my prayer came to you,
into your holy temple.
8 Those who pay regard to vain idols
forsake their hope of steadfast love.
9 But I with the voice of thanksgiving
will sacrifice to you;
what I have vowed I will pay.
Salvation belongs to the LORD!โ
10 And the LORD spoke to the fish, and it vomited Jonah out upon the dry land.
Inside the Fish
โThen Jonah prayed to the LORD his God from the belly of the fishโ (v. 1). The author tells us in the first verse what we are about to read. There is a prayer that follows. And Jonah prayed these things while he was in the belly of the fish. We know that this account is still a miracleโbut it is interesting that Jonah actually prays while inside the fish. Itโs important to notice here that his is the first time that Jonah speaks directly to God. In all this account and all weโve experienced with him, he was not spoken to God until now. Remember however, Jonah is still in danger. He is still at sea, inside the fishโbut still in danger. He doesnโt have a living room built inside that fish.
But hereโs what he prays: โI called out to the LORD, out of my distress, and he answered me; out of the belly of Sheol I cried, and you heard my voiceโ (v. 2). This is the beginning of the prayer of Jonah. Jonah says that he โcalled out toโ God out of his distress. He says that God answered him. But Jonah says something interesting here: โout of the belly of Sheol I cried.โ What does Sheol mean? Itโs a term used most often in the Old Testament to mean the place of death. Sometimes it means separation from God. Jonah did not literally pray from Sheol but describes his near-death experience. He says that God heard his voice.
โFor you cast me into the deep, into the heart of the seas, and the flood surrounded me; all your waves and your billows passed over meโ (v. 3). Jonah is describing his experience being thrown overboard with vivid imagery: โinto the deep,โ โthe heart of the seas,โ โyour billows passed over me.โ Just for clarification, billows are great waves or surging masses of water. Though it was the sailors who had hurled Jonah into the sea (1:15), he knows that God was working sovereignly through them, and so he can say that God cast him into the sea.
Jonah expresses, however that he will see dry land again: โThen I said, โI am driven away from your sight; yet I shall again look upon your holy templeโโ (v. 4). Here Jonah demonstrates his understanding of the power of simply turning again toward the presence of God. Next Jonah gives a very visual description of coming close to death. In vv. 5-6, โThe waters closed in over me to take my life; the deep surrounded me; weeds were wrapped about my heard at the roots of the mountains. I went down to the land whose bars closed upon me forever, yet you brought up my life from the pit, O LORD my God.โ He says that the waters closed in on him to take his lifeโhe was probably drowning at this point. The deep surrounded him, and he was definitely at the bottom of the sea because he states that seaweed was โwrapped aboutโ his head. He even went down to the โland whose bars closed upon [him] forever.โ Departure into Sheol was to go through gates made of โbars.โ Job 17:16 says, โWill it go down to the bars of Sheol?โ (emphasis mine) See also Psalm 9:13. But regardless, God brought up Jonahโs life from the โpit.โ Jonah also says that โWhen my life was fainting away, I remembered the LORD, and my prayer came to you, into your holy templeโ (v. 7).
Saved but Not Completely Delivered
What is interesting to see throughout this entire account of Jonahโs prayer is this: He has been rescued from death by Godโs sending of the fish (1:17), but he has not been delivered to dry land just yet (2:10). He has not drowned, but he was unexpectedly saved from death by the โgreat fish,โ but he isnโt completely safeโhe is still in danger.
Our lives are very similar to this storyโour lives as believers. When we are converted, when we are saved, we are delivered from death and saved from judgment: โThere is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesusโ (Rom. 8:1). But, we are not immediately taken to the place where there is no sin, no evil, no suffering, and no pain (Rev. 21:4). We are saved in this life, but we are not completely delivered from the ailments of living in this present world. You probably know all too well, that your struggles do not end once you are saved. Struggles continue. In fact, some struggles happen more often because you are saved (ex. persecution). Remember that salvation is in three tenses:
1) Past: You were saved. โBelieve in the Lord Jesus, and you will be savedโ (Acts 16:31). Once we had repentance and faith toward Christ, we were saved. Thatโs a secured deal.
2) Present: You are being saved. โTherefore, by beloved, as you have always obeyed, so now, not only as in my presence but much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling, for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasureโ (Philippians 2:12-13, emphasis mine). We are daily being delivered from the presence and power of sin through the Holy Spirit.
3) Future: You will be saved; โTraining us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age, waiting for our blessed hope, the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christโ (Titus 2:12-13, emphasis mine). One glorious day we will finally be delivered from the presence and power of sin forever.
This is what we share with Jonah: We have been delivered from death and the penalty of sin, but we are not yet completely free from sin. One day we will be in complete safety (โdry landโ), but until then we must do what is necessary to fight sin daily (Rom. 7).
The Real Miracle
Another thing that is interesting to note here (that we tend to look over) is that Jonah should have died. Listen again to this dreadful description of what is was like to nearly drown at sea: โThe waters closed in over me to take my life; the deep surrounded me; weeds were wrapped about my head at the roots of the mountains. I went down to the land whose bars closed upon me forever. . .โ (vv. 5-6). The real miracle here is that what should have been a place of death for Jonah became the place of deliverance and life! What does he say God did? โYet you brought up my life from the pit, O LORD my Godโ (v. 6b).
Remember the โsign of Jonahโ expression used by Jesus? โFor just as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earthโ (Matt. 12:40). Jesus used Jonahโs experience to refer to His own death. The apostle Paul states, โhe was raised on the third dayโ (1 Cor. 15:4). But the wonder of the sign of Jesusโ death and of Jonahโs experience is that a place that ought to have been a place of death became a place of deliverance and life. What do you think of when you see a cross? Jesus death? Addition? We have beautified the cross so much that we have a tendency to forget what a cross actually was in Jesusโ day. We have jewelry, t-shirts, rings, pendants, and various things that may have crosses on them, but in Jesusโ day a cross carried a much different meaning. The crucifix was a torture device. The Romans wanted to state their authority loud and clear to criminals, so they devised this form of punishment known as crucifixion. The cross was a symbol of deathโthe most humiliating form of death.
But because of Christโs death and resurrection, the cross is a symbol of victory over death and reminds us that at the cross, we were given deliverance from sin and death. So what should have been a place of death has become they symbol for the Christian faith that has stood the test of time. Christโs descent to earth and His willing humility even to death on a cross brought redemption to all (Phil. 2:5-11).
A Strange Statement
Jonah has described his experience in his prayer to God and utters something rather abstract: โThose who pay regard to vain idols forsake their hope of steadfast loveโ (v. 8). Itโs a true statementโbut itโs strange because it has nothing to do with Jonahโs experience. Does it say anything about him drowning or struggling on the ship? No. Jonah has been describing his experience in the waters as he comes close to deathโand he expresses thankfulness for Godโs sending of the great fish, but here he states something like a proverb. Itโs an interesting part of Jonahโs prayer because it expresses something about his relationship with God.
He was truly grateful to God for saving him through this fish. He has truly praised God for rescuing him in this miraculous way. But Jonah is here referring back again to these sailors and the Ninevites and says that โThose who pay regard to vain idols forsake their hope of steadfast loveโ (v. 8). He doesnโt pray for them, but states this truth about them. So in the midst of Jonahโs prayer (and after all he has been through!) he is still protesting the idea that God should offer forgiveness to the Ninevites. Remember, why did Jonah run from Godโs call in the first place? Because he didnโt believe that God should have compassion and forgiveness for sinners. He knew that if he preached to the Ninevites, that there could be a possibility of them repenting from sin and obtaining forgiveness from God. โThat is why I made haste to flee to Tarshish; for I knew that you are a gracious God and merciful, slow to anger and abounding in steadfast love, and relenting from disasterโ (4:2).
A Strange Struggle
He was praying, but still protesting. We like Jonah may disagree with God for different reasonsโbut that shouldnโt stop us from praising Him. And God doesnโt expect everyone who praises Him to always have all their questions answered or all of their doubts erased. We will always have questionsโbut we shouldnโt stop praising God and giving Him thanks. Satan will always use our weaknesses against us. One of our weaknesses is a limited, finite mind. Satan sees an open door there to stumble us and turn our hearts away from God. So when we have questions or doubts about God, we should read the Bible with all our mightโlisten where God has spoken, but restrain our curiosity beyond His Word. God knows we have struggles and difficulties understanding Him sometimes, but He still welcomes our praise even when we donโt understand or are confused. โFor God is not a God of confusion but of peaceโ (1 Cor. 14:33).
Jonah here, gives thanks to God even when he disagrees with Him concerning the Ninevites. Why is it important to have faith in God when you donโt understand His ways, or you donโt understand your circumstances? Because we have the assurance that God is sovereign, God knows what He is doing, God wants for us what we would want for ourselves (if we had the sense enough to want it), and God calls us to trust Him because of it.
There are numerous biblical examples of this trust that God calls for. One of the greatest is found in Lamentations 3:21-24. This book is a despairing poem about the destruction of Jerusalem. In the midst of the unbearable sorrow, Jeremiah cries out, โBut this I call to mind, and therefore I have hope: The steadfast love of the LORD never ceases; his mercies never come to an end; they are new every morning; great is your faithfulness. โThe LORD is my portion,โ says my soul, โtherefore I will hope in himโ (ESV). Another example is when the psalmist asks, โHow long, O LORD? Will you forget me forever? How long will you hide your face from me?โ (Ps. 13:1), but expresses in v. 5, โBut I have trusted in your steadfast love; my heart shall rejoice in your salvation.โ
We continue to trust God in our difficulties and in our confusions, because we know who He is. Our faith in God is not blind. We know that He is a God โwho never liesโ (Titus 1:2), and โGod is not man, that he should lie, or a son of man, that he should change his mind. Has he said, and will he not do it? Or has he spoken, and will he not fulfill it?โ (Numbers 23:19) Therefore, when God makes a promise like โAnd we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purposeโ (Rom. 8:28), we know that He means what He says.
Salvation Belongs to the LORD!
We have come to the end of Jonahโs prayer and his last statement is this: โBut I with the voice of thanksgiving will sacrifice to you; what I have vowed I will pay. Salvation belongs to the LORD!โ (v. 9). Jonah says that with thanksgiving he will sacrifice to God, and says that he will return to do what he originally was called to do. And he utters a statement that is absolutely foundational to the overarching message of the Bible: โSalvation belongs to the LORD!โ
Do you think Jonah expected to be saved when thrown into the raging sea? Of course not. He thought he would surely die. If he didnโt he would have described his experience as going down to the land โwhose bars closed upon [him] foreverโ (v. 6). God was at work to save Jonah even before he was fleeing from Him. Think about your own salvation. Think about that day. Did you expect to be saved? Did you expect it to happen? Did you know any point in your life prior that that day would come? Of course you didnโt. Thatโs what Jonah expresses here. Salvation belongs to the LORD. It is and was Godโs plan, Godโs work, Godโs way, for Godโs glory. It wasnโt your plan (Eph. 1:4), and it was not your way. Jesusโ work of salvation through His death and victory over death was even done while the world was still at odds with God. God is indeed the author of our faith, and Jonah here is a key witness. This shines light on the fact that God has been at work to save you (His enemy; Rom. 5:10) ever since before you were born. And Christ died for broken sinners long before they would ever converted. God alone is deserving of full credit for your salvation.
Conclusion
Plainly put, Jonah has looked toward God. It is enough for his deliverance. God will deal with his protest and running issues later. God answers those who call out in distress whether their issues of protest are resolved or not. He delivers those who call out in times of trouble. He accepts Jonahโs thanks and his lack of repentance because he accepts Jonahโs protest, not as sin but as a welcome dialogue. When Jonah concludes his prayer, God answers this way: โAnd the LORD spoke to the fish, and it vomited Jonah out upon the dry landโ (v. 10). God has not given up on His prophet, and will continue to relentlessly pursue him.